Antigenic variation seen in:
1. N.gonorrhea
2. Borellia
3. Influenza
4. HIV
5. Trypanosome
Antigenic variation refers to the mechanism by which an infectious organism such as a protozoan, bacterium or virus alters its surface proteins in order to evade a host immune response.
Immune evasion is particularly important for organisms that target long-lived hosts, repeatedly infect a single host and are easily transmittable.
Antigenic variation not only enables immune evasion by the pathogen, but also allows the microbes to cause re-infection, as their antigens are no longer recognized by the host's immune system.
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